A bit long, but worth the read if you've been following this issue. The following was written by a friend of mine. He welcomes comments; if you would like to contact him, please let me know.
THE DEATH OF AQSA PERVEZ: A reflection
Nauman Mir
16 December 2007
"When the young girl who was buried alive is asked: For what crime was she killed?" (Qur’an 81: 8-9)
A young Mississauga teenager, Aqsa Pervez, was killed by her father last week who later called the police and confessed. Mohammad Pervez is now in police custody and his case hearings have begun. The motive behind the murder is still unclear though most media reports have linked Ms. Pervez’s refusal to wear the hijab as the issue that led to her murder.
It is highly unlikely that the hijab was the only issue though the media attention that the hijab has received in this murder case is not surprising. The friend and her family with whom Aqsa stayed the week before her death has indicated that hijab was not a main factor in the dispute between Aqsa and her father. There are several issues that have been raised in the media by this whole affair and it is important to discuss these at some length.
1. Was it an honour killing? If so, is it religiously sanctioned?
2. What should be done if the hijab is forced upon a girl or woman?
3. Is this a particularly Muslim issue?
4. What is to be done?
I would like to state that I am not a religious or legal authority on any issue. What I am about to say in the following passages is strictly my personal opinion.
1. Honour Killing
Killing girls and women to preserve the family honour has unfortunately been a poisonous tradition that still exists in parts of some Muslim countries. Women are killed for behaviour or actions which are seen as causing loss of face. Some have said that the murder of Ms. Pervez was Canada’s first honour killing hinting that perhaps there will be more. Is it so? In my opinion, no and such crimes are neither the norm in Muslim countries nor will they be here in Canada. Ms. Pervez’s family is of Pakistani background. In rural parts of Pakistan where honour killings do happen, the acts sadly have some unofficial social acceptance that allows people to consider them different from a murder. Most Pakistanis consider such acts as heinous crimes as do Pakistani-Canadians. So the fear that some try to dispel that Muslims will commit honour killings everywhere in Canada is baseless and absolute non-sense. And that is made clear by the reaction that the Pakistani and Muslim community in Toronto has displayed in response to this murder; one of utter disgust and condemnation of the act.
As for religious sanction of honour killings; Islam does not allow the killing of any person (Muslim or non-Muslim). An oft-repeated verse of the Qur’an sums up Islam’s position: “if anyone kills a person…it shall be as if he killed the entire humanity†(5:32). As stated earlier, the practice of honour killings exists in some parts of the Muslim world but there are many people in those countries who are trying to stop such a horrendous practice clearly because they consider it morally wrong and a disgrace upon the name of Islam.
2. Hijab
The second question has led some like Canadian columnist Barbara Kay (of the right-wing rag National Post) to suggest that the hijab should have been banned here in Canada like it was in France. She even says that it might have prevented Aqsa's death and thinks it is apt-time to ban it now so that such crimes do not happen again. Thankfully, this perverted line of thinking is not widespread in Toronto or the rest of Canada.
The orientalist ignited fascination with this Muslim garment does not seem to end as the centuries go by. Rather as humanity progresses further into modernity, the fascination with the hijab keeps increasing, especially in the West.
It is a symbol of respect, faith, and honour for some and a symbol of oppression, tradition, and patriarchy for others. Some Muslim girls and women choose to wear it or not, others are forced to wear it implicitly by the weight of tradition or explicitly by family members. Those who are more traditional seem to think it mandatory while others consider it a matter of choice. In such a situation, the position that Canada currently holds on the issue of hijab is the right one; to leave the choice to the individual. For any state to intervene and make it either mandatory to veil or unveil goes against fundamental rights of the individual. Those who propose banning the hijab seem to not notice that they are acting exactly in the way religious fundamentalists would act. Islamic fundamentalists want to force Muslim women to wear the hijab; “Freedom†fundamentalists (like Kay or the French government) want to force Muslim women to not wear the hijab. Both fundamentalists want to impose their choice upon Muslim women and are unwilling to give them any autonomy to exercise their free will. Both think that Muslim women obviously don’t know what is good for them and thus they have to be decided for.
I can almost hear your question reader; but what about those women who are forced to wear the hijab either implicitly or explicitly? Allowing a safe counselling environment where young Muslim girls can discuss such issues with their parents would be a good start. Even if that does not work, at least having programs where girls can discuss these issues individually with a counsellor or peer-group can help. To have school teachers better trained in providing help with such issues to students is also important. If someone is suffering silently from any issue at home, generally there are signs that he or she will display at school which teachers can notice if they look. Many will remain silent unless asked or until they know there is a person they can talk to who can guide them to make decisions on their own. To force women to either veil or unveil is not the solution.
3. A Muslim Issue?
Aqsa Pervez was a Muslim Pakistani-Canadian girl. But her killing by her father is not a Muslim or Pakistani issue only. It is clearly a case of domestic violence intertwined with inter-generational conflict. Both of these social problems are not particular to Muslims or Pakistanis. Domestic violence against girls and women is an issue that inflicts all communities that make up Canada and there should be zero-tolerance for it. We all have responsibility in relation to this issue. The Muslim and South-Asian community however does need to acknowledge more that this issue actually exists within our own families. There is considerable denial that is mainly due to the brushing aside of any problem that will make "us" look bad in front of "them". The first path to resolving any issue is accepting the fact that the issue exists and then finding solutions in a collective way.
The inter-generational conflict is also one that affects all parents and teenagers the world over. From the details that are emerging, it seems that like any teenager, Ms. Pervez wanted more independence in her life, she had wanted to move out of the family house and the week before her murder, had been staying at a friend’s house. She was not non-religious but wanted less restrictions in her lifestyle. The urgings of rebellion that she felt are those that every teenager goes through. She wore clothing like those of her friends at school in a desire to fit in, not because of her different cultural background but because all teenagers feel the need to fit in and be more like their friends. Being part of the group is an obsession that all of us have experienced to varying degrees in our youth. A big part of that rebellion is appearance. Teenagers want to dress in a way that is acceptably “cool†which translates as follows: wear the opposite of everything your parents like. Most girls of that age want to wear make-up, tighter clothes, etc., which most parents understandably disapprove of. In the case of immigrant children, the only difference is that such behaviour of teenagers is seen as loss of the culture of the mother country and that makes parents feel helpless and insecure.
Only time, understanding, and culturally sensitive support groups for both adults and teens can resolve such issues that affect all immigrants. Will both parties be happy with the resolution? Maybe or maybe not. But both the parent and the teenager can finally come to some understanding eventually. The extreme measures taken by Mohammad Pervez are clearly unacceptable for which he will be rightfully punished.
4. What is to be done?
Looking at photos of Aqsa Pervez that her friends have posted on Facebook groups in her memory, it seems she was a lively girl, loved by friends, and full of life. Sadly, a life cut short by the most dishonourable of acts. Whether her father is guilty and if so, what was his motive, still remains to be proven in court.
As Canadians, we have to accept this unfortunate incident as a reminder of the fact that domestic violence against girls and women takes many shapes. There should be no tolerance for it. More social and culturally sensitive youth programs that are well-funded need to be there and should be well publicized to help members of our communities whenever they need it.
As Muslims and Pakistani-Canadians, we have to openly accept that there is domestic violence in our community against girls and women and we cannot deny it. It obviously brings shame to the community as a whole when we lose a member like Aqsa Pervez so tragically. But this was not an "honour killing" and we should openly tell everyone so. As parents, we need to understand and acknowledge that though we face issues and problems in accommodating our values and beliefs in Canada, our children deserve even more understanding and support because they are caught between two distinct worlds; one inside the home and one outside. Neither is completely "perfect". But we shouldn’t make things more difficult for say a young daughter or sister who is already trying to fit in with her friends and is also trying to keep up with her parents' expectations. It is not a very comfortable or easy issue for her to deal with on a daily basis. If we imagine being in her place, we can better understand her point of view and thus know how to resolve problems when they arise.
One hopes for tragedies like that of Aqsa Pervez to never happen but when they do, they inevitably bring communities together and remind us of our weaknesses as a society. Let us reflect and learn so that such tragedies can be prevented in the future.