From
link.
When horsepower was common, most people, in fact, did not own a horse. A farmer might have a draft horse, but more often he would have a mule or ox. If he was better off, he might have more than one mule or ox. Even most cowboys did not own their own horses. Ranches provided the horses, partly because there was too much work for a hand to get by with just one horse. Even a thrifty cowboy couldn’t afford to keep more than one horse.
People with more means might have a carriage horse or two. Livery stables were common. These were businesses that rented out horse-drawn carts and carriages. They also might have some riding horses to rent as well, but very few non-rich people actually rode horses if it wasn’t part of their job. Most people walked or took public transportation.
Cars in those days were luxury items. It wasn’t until mass production lowered the prices that cars became affordable to the masses. Most cars last longer and have less upkeep than horses. People who can’t buy new cars can get by with older-model used cars.
Now days horses are “luxury” items. However, you’ll find that the majority of horse owners are far from rich. While there are still working ranch and farm horses, most horses are used for recreation and sport. Whether or not a person can afford a horse depends mostly on where they live and their spending priorities. I have a horse, but my car is 18 years old (it runs fine) and I buy clothes only when my current ones wear out to the point where they can’t be repaired. I also live in an extremely rural area where hay is cheap and I can keep my horse on my own property.
While it’s true that cars are more common than horses now, it’s not true that you have to be rich to own a horse—or a car.
Mass production of the car started in the 1920’s. Ford wanted to price a car so everyone could afford 1. The horse was the main stay of transportation at this time and slowly was replaced by cars that could go further and faster than horses.
The 2 world wars took the young men to fight. So to survive and produce food the Farm started to mechanize — reducing the need for horses and workers in agriculture.
When the young men returned from war the agriculture jobs were gone —so they migrated to the city where there were jobs , public transportation to get the jobs, and a growing network of roads usable by cars. There was limited room to maintain a horse in the city.
Today the cost of enough land to maintain horses close to the city is very high and therefore the cost to own a horse for recreation and sport is high.
This is mainly true for the industrialized nations. There are many places in the world where the horse, donkey or mule are still commonly owned and used as transportation and agricultural production. And some pockets of USA — ie the Amish that maintain horses rather than cars.
From
link.
Horses were more often hired when necessary.
Even in farm country, you would not necessarily see all that many horses, but once you got far enough out into ranch and beef country, then you’d see horses. But they’d almost always belong to the rancher and be used by his employees.
Private horse ownership just wasn’t like it appears in the Western films, where the posse mounts up and rides on out after the criminals and it seems like everybody who needed one had a horse handy.
Incidentally, when it comes to car ownership, there are plenty of people living in cities who do not own cars today.
For some, it’s because they choose not to; they’re close enough to work to take transit or go shopping, it’s a choice they make.
For many, many more it is because cars are very expensive to own and run and they don’t have the money for it, no more than people in the past had money to buy and keep horses in the city. It’s why we still have rentals, only now they are car rentals, not horse rentals.
Stealing a horse
used to be a hanging offence in Canada, because they were so very expensive. Stealing a car is not a hanging offence.