In 2017, more than two-thirds of the TTC’s operating budget was funded by fares, a level not seen in any other North American city. Compounding the issue, Toronto’s city subsidies make only 30 percent of the TTC’s overall budget, compared to 50 per cent in Montreal and 60 per cent in Vancouver.
The debate over whether fare evaders or the lack of government funding is to blame for the TTC’s meagre revenues is further complicated by a 10 cent fare
hike coming into effect on March 1st, 2020. The TTC has consistently employed fare hikes as their main strategy to alleviate overstretched capacities and this is the ninth increase that riders have faced since 2009.
Many have shifted the blame for the unpopular fare increase on fare evaders, with Deputy Mayor Denzil Minnan-Wong
stating, “For those people that are following the rulers and paying their fares, they’re paying 10 cents more a fare because of all the cheaters.” Others have argued that fare evaders make the TTC harder to run because of lost revenue, and are responsible for the TTC’s subpar service.
By contrast, Toronto transit advocacy groups believe that the TTC’s underfunding is a systemic issue that has unfairly been attributed to riders with low-income and from racialized communities. As
stated by TTCriders spokesperson Vincent Puhhaka, “The transit system is constantly starved for funding and the blame is often put on those who evade transit fares. We think the real evaders are the politicians who for years have starved the system.”
Transit advocacy groups also believe that the fare increase will push more people to fare evasion, as TTC monthly transit passes are already the most costly in Canada.
Concerns have also been raised about the proposed increase in the presence of fare inspectors and special constables on the TTC. In July 2019, Toronto Ombudsperson Susan Opler concluded that the TTC did not adequately investigate misconduct allegations against fare inspector officers that detained a black man on a streetcar platform.
Advocacy groups also worry the TTC’s campaign against individual fare evaders has the potential to marginalize racialized groups and will divert the TTC’s resources away from the larger campaign for fair government funding.
Changes may be on the horizon as Toronto Mayor John Tory recently
pitched a substantial property tax increase to fund transit and housing projects. The tax hike would be an important source of transit funds for the city in the wake of budget cuts from the provincial government. With projected ridership for the TTC expected to increase by 7.2 million from 2019, the imperative for the transit agency to find effective and sustainable revenue sources will only become more apparent.