BAPE is right to ask questions about the Caisse's light-rail project
Allison Hanes, Montreal Gazette
More from Allison Hanes, Montreal Gazette
Published on: January 25, 2017 | Last Updated: January 25, 2017 9:39 AM ED
If the Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec builds a $5.9-billion light-rail line in Greater Montreal, will you take it?
The Quebec pension fund manageris essentially staking its reputation on the fact that many Montrealers will hop its 67-kilometre Réseau électrique métropolitain to the airport or the Dix30 shopping centre in Brossard; that South Shore commuters sick of getting stuck on express buses on the Champlain Bridge will get on board; that residents of the West Island will opt for a new rail artery along the Highway 40 corridor; and that passengers from Deux-Montagnes, fed up with having to stand on overcrowded commuter trains run by the Agence métropolitaine de transport, will relish more frequent departures.
In many ways, the REM is the answer to the Montreal region’s public transit prayers.
It’s the biggest investment in decades and ticks off several of the region’s transit priorities in one fell swoop. Most of the project — $3.1-billion — would be privately financed by the Caisse. The aggressive timeline would have it up and running by 2020, hence the urgency to get shovels in the ground later this year.
But as the Bureau d’audiences publiques sur l’environnement correctly notes, the REM also amounts to a “paradigm shift,” in that it would allow a private entity to operate a crucial public service. To the surprise of many the BAPE has given the REM a yellow light. The environmental review board has raised questions about the projected ridership, financing and ownership of the Caisse project.
For that the BAPE, is under fire for overstepping its mandate.
But I would argue public transit, by its very nature, is an environmental issue. So the BAPE has the right to do a deep dive on the viability of this project — even if its findings don’t please the Caisse, the Board of Trade, Premier Philippe Couillard or Mayor Denis Coderre.
The BAPE report suggested that the REM won’t draw many new riders beyond those who already use existing express buses and AMT trains. It says it won’t help the region reach its goals of getting 30 per cent of commuters on public transit by 2021 or reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by more than a meagre 0.15 per cent.
The Caisse disputes some of the BAPE’s assertions that the REM merely duplicates existing transit offerings. Indeed, the express buses that are currently offered to get to and from the South Shore or to the airport from downtown just don’t cut it in a modern city. An electric train is the way to go and it is much needed.
But is this the right way to do it? The BAPE worries handing the Caisse the keys to a big chunk of greater Montreal’s public transportation infrastructure could come at the expense of other agencies.
For instance, the taxpayers just financed the new Mascouche line of the AMT at the cost of $671 million. But when the REM is built, the Caisse-run trains would have exclusive access to the strategic tunnel under Mount Royal. To get downtown, passengers on the Mascouche train, who now enjoy a direct route to downtown, would have to transfer to the REM at Highway 40. That doesn’t seem like much of an incentive to take transit.
We need more Montrealers to use transit because traffic in this city is a nightmare. Montreal has three of the country’s 10 worst highway bottlenecks according to a recent study by the Canadian Automobile Association. Reducing congestion is good for the environment. It is also good for economic productivity and our quality of life, too.
Just because private money is going to finance a big chunk of the REM (albeit with a sizable contribution from the Quebec government) does not negate the project’s public interest. Public transit is after all a public good, no matter who owns and operates it.
Much is at stake with the REM. It will be the maiden project of the Caisse’s new infrastructure arm, which could launch the Quebec pension fund manager into new endeavours. It will be the first test of a new way of financing public transit in Quebec, with the Caisse assuming more than half the risk for building and operating the new light-rail line.
The pressure is on to get it done. But the BAPE report is a reminder of the need to get it right.