In Canada, and in most western industrialized countries, a centralized, independent body runs federal elections with the goal of making electoral procedures, including voter access, uniform across the country.
In the U.S., most of the election parameters are decided by 50 individual states, each of which has a slightly different approach.
To some people’s minds, it’s a bizarre way to run an election.
“The United States is a crazy system,” said Mark Rom, associate professor at the McCourt School of Public Policy at Georgetown University.
“There’s a statement made by one of our Supreme Court justices in the past. Justice (Louis) Brandeis said that the states are laboratories of democracy so they can try things out. States can learn from each other and perfect their policies.
“This is clearly completely untrue. Regarding elections, after 200 years of experimentation, our election system is still pretty much a mess.”
North of the border, the task falls to Elections Canada, an independent, non-partisan agency of Parliament. Unlike other departments, Elections Canada does not report to an elected cabinet minister. Instead, it reports to Parliament as a whole.
Its mandate is essentially to ensure that the process of campaigning, obtaining a ballot and voting is exactly the same in St. John’s, Newfoundland, as it is in Victoria, B.C.
While Elections Canada is not immune from political interference, altering its mandate to any significant degree would require changes to the Canada Elections Act, which would require the relatively public process of rewriting legislation.
In the U.S., legislation can be bent to political will at the state level — and has been.
In Florida, after a state constitutional amendment gave released felons the right to vote in the upcoming election, Republican Gov. Ron DeSantis signed off on a law that required those felons to pay all prison fines, fees and restitution before they would be allowed to vote.
As a result, as of last Monday’s deadline for voter registration, less than a quarter of those estimated 1.4 million potential voters had signed up to vote. The demographic most affected by this are Black men.
In Texas, Republican Gov. Gregg Abbott issued an order limiting the number of drop-off locations for mail-in ballots to one per county. That meant that Harris County — which contains Houston and has largely voted Democrat presidentially since Barack Obama in 2008 — had one drop-off location for 4.7 million people in a county that spans 4,600 square kilometres.
Republicans call that “ballot security.” Democrats call it “voter suppression.”