The word
freeway was first used in February 1930 by
Edward M. Bassett. Bassett argued that roads should be classified into three basic types: highways,
parkways, and freeways. In Bassett's
zoning and
property law-based system,
abutting property owners have the rights of
light,
air and access to highways, but not parkways and freeways; the latter two are distinguished in that the purpose of a parkway is recreation, while the purpose of a freeway is movement. Thus, as originally conceived, a freeway is simply a strip of public land devoted to movement to which abutting property owners do not have rights of light, air or access.